Uddhav and Development of News Agency
August 1, 2021

Uddhav and development of News Agency

The task of conveying the news of one corner of the world to the other is not an easy task. It is not possible even for every magazine that they can station their correspondents in every small and big place. The news committees ie news agencies make this problem easy.

UNESCO has defined a news agency as ‘a news agency is an enterprise whose main purpose is to collect news and current information and to present facts and to distribute them to news, publishing organizations or other consumers with a view to So that they can get complete and unbiased news by paying a price in professional and lawful conditions.

News committees

same news access to all its subscribers at the same time. Without their help, it is not possible for magazines to keep their publications regular. Along with the continuous changes in communication technology, they have also changed their methods. Today news agencies not only provide news but also feature and special articles, photos etc. Although the role of news committees is limited, their news continues to influence public opinion as they are published simultaneously in more than one magazine.

News agencies

News agencies can be considered to have originated in Britain. In 1686, Edward Lloyd opened a coffee house in Tower Street, London. Traders from different areas used to come here. By transmitting the information received from them to the newspapers of London, Lloyd would get an income of 21 shillings per week.

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Thus this first news distribution organization came into existence. Later it had representatives in 28 ports in Europe and America, who received news from ships and merchants coming to their respective ports. Like Lloyd, Samuel Tapliff, the owner of a coffee house in Boston, USA, also started collecting foreign news for American newspapers in 1801.

Topliff Later

Later Topliff came to Europe and continued his work there as well. Later his work culminated in the form of ‘Harbour Association’. The ‘Harbour Association’ was formed in 1849 by several newspapers to get quick news on the basis of mutual cooperation. In the same period, Charles Hava, a Portuguese resident, ‘Hava Agency’ and Julius Reuters also established a news committee in his name.

It is worth mentioning that sea transport and traders had contributed a lot in the expansion of the world of news agencies, but by these means it took a long time to reach the news from one place to another. For example, Napoleon Bonaparte died on 5 May 1821 on the island of St. Helena.

But this news had reached Paris on 6 July 1821 and in those days a delay of 2 months was not considered any delay. Reuters was the first to use the new communication system via sea cables, thus significantly reducing the time it takes to send news.

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Today the Internet has ended the distances of the world. Today more than 25 big international news committees in many languages ​​of the world are working day and night to keep the whole world united.

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world’s leading news agencies

Today, when the world is shrinking and becoming smaller, then the curiosity of the people living in the other corner of the world towards the movement in one part of the world has increased. In such a situation, the role of news agencies is also increasing a lot. While better resources are necessary for international news agencies, their credibility also matters a lot. By the way, there are more than 1200 dialogue committees working all over the world. More than 25 of them are known internationally, but 5 of these agencies are such that can be called the world’s leading news committees. (1)- Associated Press (AP) (2)- United Press International (UPI) (3)- Reuters (Reuters) (4)- Agency France Press (AFP) (5)- Telegrafnoik Agenstvo Sovetskno Soiuza (TASS)

The Associated Press

With the invention of the telegraph, the work of news agencies accelerated. The Associated Press first adopted this technique. Soon the AP became an important news committee, coordinating with the Economic and Financial International News Service (HPDJ) and Doujon (DJ).

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The Associated Press was reorganized in 1900. Till then it mainly served American papers only. AP started foreign service in 1934. Today AP has over 15000 regular customers around the world and also has its own large communication network.

United Press International

Like AP, UPI is also an American news agency. It was founded in 1907 by Edward Wills Scripps. Initially it was an evening service for small newspapers. Although it gained a lot of notoriety in 1918 for giving false news of the end of the First World War, it regained its credibility. Today UPI’s customers span Europe, South America, Asia and Australia.

Reuters

This news agency, named after its founder Paul Julius Reuters, had a successful experiment of sending early news via pigeons in 1850. Reuters was the first to use the telegraph to send news over long distances and expanded from Britain to India and other British colonies.

Today, Reuters is the biggest name in newsprint as well as in the field of photo features and TV news at the international level. Its news network is spread across the globe with over 20000 regular journalists.

Agency France Press

Founded in 1835, the AFP began to expand after the First World War. After the termination of the Hawas agency, it was completely replaced by AFP. Its head office is in Paris and it is an autonomous body. AFP benefited greatly by becoming the successor to Hawa.

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Today AFP is one of the largest news committees in the world. It has more than 10 thousand newspapers and more than 70 dialogue committees as its subscribers. Its service extends to more than 125 countries. It distributes news of about 3.5 million words per day in French, English, Spanish, Portuguese, German and Arabic languages.

Taas

This international news committee established in 1917 under the name of Petrograd Telegraph. From the very beginning it influenced by socialist ideology. With the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the 80s, organizational changes took place in TAS and a new news committee called ITAR (The Information Telegraph Agency of Russia) was formed. Presently it is known as ITARRTASS. At present, it has more than 20000 customers, including domestic and foreign.

Realizing the importance and needs of the third world, non-aligned countries have also formed an International News Committee. Which NAHAP (Non Aligned News Agencies Pool) has established. The aim of this news committee, established in 1976, is to prevent the dominance of Western countries in news. Other major international news agencies in the world are Xinhua of China, Afro Asian News Committee (AANS), Kyodo of Japan etc., which provide services in many countries of the world.

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major news agencies of india

Till the first decade of the nineteenth century, there four major English papers published in India namely Pioneer, Statesman, Englishman and Indian Daily News. Pioneer was the special and more popular of these four. Therefore, Statesman, Englishman and Indian Daily News together established the Associated Press of India (API) in 1905. When Reuters acquired it in 1915, some people of nationalist ideology together formed the ‘Free Press Agency of India’ in 1927. This committee also closed in 1935. The United Press of India  established in Kolkata in September 1933. UPI was the first to report the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, but due to the economic crisis, it also closed in 1958.

Press Trust of India (PTI)

PTI is one of the largest English news committees not only in India but in Asia. PTI registered in August 1947, but it resumed operations on 1 February 1949, and after under contract with Reuters for three years.

It started operating independently in 1951. Today PTI has coordinated with all the major dialogue committees of the world. It has full time correspondents in every major country of the world, today it runs Internet and Scan service. Its headquarter is in Mumbai.

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United News of India (UNI)

Its headquarter is in New Delhi. It is the second largest English dialogue committee in the country after PTI. It formed on the basis of the recommendations of the First Press Commission. Due to the monopoly of PTI, the fairness of the news has not questioned, so it has formed in 1961 to maintain competition. Today it has associated with 15 major dialogue committees of the world. Specialized services like photo service, commercial service, reference service has also provided by UNI.

Universa

This Hindi service of UNI started on 1 May 1982. The purpose of this news committee, colloquially known as Vartar, was to provide an alternative service to Hindi and other Indian languages. It basically provides news of the country and abroad in Hindi at low cost to small newspapers.

Language

PTI provided another high level news service to Hindi in the form of ‘Bhasha’ on 18 April 1986. ‘Bhasha’ has prepared an authentic list of correct names of more than 15 thousand cities and towns of the country and now it has become the original news agency, not just a translator agency.

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India Abroad News Service (IANS)

Originally, this news committee, which provided news for overseas Indians, has now started expanding in the country as well. It has offices in all the state capitals of the country as well as other major cities. Along with news, it also provides small features on art, culture, living, literature, life etc. Apart from these, many other small news agencies also provide news of their respective areas from different parts of the country. Some big news agencies like Hindustan Samachar, Samachar Bharti etc. have also closed down due to not being able to keep pace with the changing pace of the times.

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